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| 2004-5-20 9:10:00 [点击数：3340] |
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Personality is to a large extent inherent—Atype parents usually bring about
Atype offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since
if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major fact
or in the lives of their children.
One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by
its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the w
in at all costs moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or a
gainst the clock produces a twolayer system, in which competitive A types seem
in some way better than their B type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!”
By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on
those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B’s. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.
If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time
might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring
professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.
Questions:
1. Beside inherence, personality is also deeply effected by _________________________________________________________________
2. Person who has A characteristics is __________________________________________________________________
3. What was disagreed to in schools by the author?
__________________________________________________________________
4. Why is top management of school to fit a child’s personality?
________________________________________________________________
5. According to the 5th Para., B’s characteristic is suggested to be _______________________________________________________________________.
答案部分
短文大意
这篇文章主要谈论的是人的性格的培养。作者指出，个性虽然在很大程度上是与生俱来的，但环境的作用也很重要。作者指出，因为学校崇尚“不惜一切代价取胜”的道德标准，而
使学校成为培养A型性格的主要场所。作者批评了这种以考试作竞争的手段，因为这并不
是学校的最高的办学宗旨。
1.【参考答案】 environment
【答题技巧】 “顺藤摸瓜”，沿着与题相关的内容深入下去。
【详细解答】 问题是“除了遗传，性格还深受什么的影响”。文中第一段的第一句话讲得明白：Personality is to a large extent inherent.(个性在很大程度上是与生俱来的)，这是一个与题相关的句子，沿着这个句子继续走，可以得到“But the environment must also have a profound effect,“profound”意思是“deep”，也就是说，环境对人的性格也有很深的影响。因此，答案不得而知。
2.【参考答案】 keen to win / competitive
【答题技巧】 综合考虑，归纳总结是本题的方法。
【详细解答】 这个问题问的是A型人的性格。这样一个问题，在原文中想一下子的找出答案是不容易的。必须先总的考虑一下第二段的文字。第二段有三个地方涉及到这个问题：one place where children soak up A characteristics is school……(孩子形成A型性格的一个地方是学校，学校就其本质而言是高度竞争的场所)；in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B type fellows(富有竟争性的A型人看来就比B型人强。)；Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences;(学生过分热衷于获胜可能
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