In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken
together, comprise the whole vocabulary.First, there are those words 1 which we
become acquainted in daily conversation, which we 2 ,that is to say, from the 3 of
our own family and from our familiar associates, and 4 we should know and use 5 we
could not read or write.They 6 the common things of life, and are the stock in trade
of all who 7 the language.Such words may be called“popular”, since they belong
to the people 8 and are not the exclusive 9 of a limited class.On the other hand,
our language 10 a multitude of words which are comparatively 11 used in ordinary
conversation.Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little
12 to use them at home or in the market-place.Our 13 acquaintance with them comes
not from our mother's 14 or from the talk of our school-mates, 15 from books that
we read, lectures that we 16 ,or the more 17 conversation of highly educated speakers
who are discussing some particular 18 in a style appropriately elevated above the
habitual 19 of everyday life.Such words are called“learned”, and the 20 between
them and the“popular”words is of great importance to a right understanding of
linguistic process.
1. A.at B.with C.by D.through
2. A.study B.imitate C.stimulate D.learn
3. A.mates B.relatives C.members D.fellows
4. A.which B.that C.those D.ones
5. A.even B.despite C.even if D.in spite of
6. A.mind B.concern C.care D.involve
7. A.hire B.apply C.adopt D.use
8. A.in public B.at most C.at large D.at best
9. A.right B.privilege C.share D.possession
10. A.consists B.comprises C.constitutes D.composes
11. A.seldom B.much C.never D.often
12. A.prospect B.way C.reason D.necessity
13. A.primary B.first C.principal D.prior
14. A.tips B.mouth C.lips D.tongue
15. A.besides B.and C.or D.but
16. A.hear of B.attend C.hearfrom D.listen
17. A.former B.formula C.formal D.formative
18. A.theme B.topic C.idea D.point
19. A.border B.link C.degree D.extent
20. A.diversion B.distinction C.diversity D.similarity
答案解析:
1.【答案】B
【解析】本句中由with which 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词those words。短语become
acquainted with sb./sth.意为“认识某人,了解某事。”
2.【答案】D
【解析】imitate 意为“模仿”,stimulate 意为“刺激,激发”。study 和learn 都有“学
习”的意思,study 着重研究,而learn 指一般性的学习,故选D。
3.【答案】C
【解析】mate 意为“伙伴,同事”,可组成复合名词,如:classmate 同学,roommate 同房
间的人。relative 意为“亲戚”,member 意为“成员”,family member 意为“家庭成员”,
fellow 意为“伙伴,家伙”。
4.【答案】A
【解析】which 引导非限制性定语从句,和前面的定语从句并列,修饰先行词those words,
关系代词that 只能在限制性定语从句中代替which。
5.【答案】C
【解析】even if 在这里引导条件状语从句。Even 是副词,不能引导状语从句。In spite of
和despite 表示“尽管”,为介词词组或介词,也不能引导状语从句。
6.【答案】B
【解析】本句的意思是“它们涉及生活中的一般性事情,是所有使用这种语言的人惯用的语
言材料。Concern 意为“涉及”,mind 和care 表示“介意,计较”,relate 表示“讲述、叙
述”。
7.【答案】D
【解析】use 意为“使用”,apply 意为“运用”,hire 意为“雇用”,adopt 意为“采纳”。
8.【答案】C
【解析】at large 意为“普遍的、一般的”,in public 意为“公开地、当众”,at most 意
为“至多、不超过”,at best 意为“充其量、至多”。
9.【答案】C
【解析】share 意为“份额、共享”。right 和privilege 意为“权利、特权”,在本句不符
合题意。possession 意为“拥有、占有”,通常指拥有财物。
10.【答案】B
【解析】comprise“包含、包括、由……组成”。compose 常用于被动结构be composed of
表示“由……组成”。consist 是不及物动词,必须和of 组成短语动词表示“由……组成”,
constitute 意为“构成”。
11.【答案】A
【解析】seldom 意为“不经常、很少”。
12.【答案】D
【解析】prospect 意为“前景”;way“方式”;reason“理由”;necessity“必要性”。本
句只有necessity 符合句意。
13.【答案】B
【解析】本句意为“我们最初既不是从母亲嘴里,也不是从同学那里了解这些单词的……”
first“第一、首先”;primary“基本的、原始的”;prior“优先的、在先的”;principal
“主要的、首要的”。
14.【答案】C
【解析】learn sth from one s lips 是固定搭配,表示“从某人嘴里得知”。
15.【答案】D
【解析】but 在这里表示转折的含义。
16.【答案】B
【解析】attend a lecture“参加一个讲座”。
17.【答案】C
【解析】formal“正式的”;former“以前的”;formula“公式、方程”;formative“形成
的”。
18.【答案】B
【解析】topic“话题”;theme“主题”;point“要点”。本句指讨论的话题,故选topic。
19.【答案】D
【解析】degree 和extent 均可表示程度,但extent 还可表示“范围”。本句意为:……讨
论问题的方式超越了日常生活的范围,所以选extent。Border 边界,link 连接。
20.【答案】B
【解析】diversion“转移、转向”;distinction“差别”;diversity“多样性、变化”;similary“相似之处”。本句意为:学术性词语和大众化词语之间的差别,故选distinction。